بررسی تاثیر مراحل فنولوژیک بر روی درصد و ترکیبات شیمیایی اسانس گیاه مرتعی Satureja hortensis L.

Background : Summer savory is an annual grass plant, with a branched stem with the length of 10 to 30 cm that is distinguishable from the similar species due to having grayish green appearance and its leaves are narrow and long. In recent years, the anti-viral, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antifungal, antispasmodic, stomach invigorator and digestion facilitator characteristics of this species have been proved. Materials and Methods: This study aimed to examine the type and amount of essence compounds in the summer savory was performed in two vegetative and reproductive phonological stages. To identify the amount of plant essence components a total of 30 samples were randomly taken from Shater Abad heights in two vegetative and flowering phonological stages and its essence was produced by Clevenger apparatus. GC/MS was used to identify essence constituents. In all spectra given by GC/MS, the Kovats index was calculated for each peak by the pattern of exiting the normal alkenes and spectrum inhibition index. Results: The total amount of plant essence in two phonological stages before flowering (vegetative stage) and after flowering (reproductive stage) was 0/5 and 0/4 percent (w/v), respectively. The number of compounds identified in the vegetative stage was 27 compounds and for reproductive stages was 19 compounds upon which nearly 98% of plant essence were identified. Conclusion: The results show that there is no significant difference in both vegetative and reproductive stages in terms of the type of main compounds of the summer savory essence, although the relatively large changes are seen in two phonological stages listed in terms of the numbers of identified compounds. Also the results obtained from this study showed that three main compounds of the summer savory essence are Thymol, gamma- Terpinene and Carvacrol, respectively, which their anti-bacterial, anti-fungal and antioxidant characteristics completely confirm the medicinal property and therapeutic effects of essence of this plant.